COMING MID-OCTOBER • Spokane's Rockwood South Hill • October to February 5-Month Exhibit • "50 YEARS OF SPOKANE & INLAND NW • PATTI SIMPSON WARD AMERICANA FINE ART"
SPRING INTO SUMMER! • We love this time of year. Spring brought Easter, Mother's Day and Father's Day, plus Summer, patriotic Memorial Day, the 4th, and Labor Day!
FIVE DECADES • AMERICANA FINE ART • 2025 marks 50 years since hanging my first painting in a Washington State gallery. My collection numbers 500+ works honoring people, places, and things I love. Many are of Pacific NW settings, but others, from are from all around the U.S.A. and beyond, like Europe and Russia. My art is full of heartfelt family-friendly details, each taking 40-80 hours to complete. You'll also find works in other media, like pen-and-ink, on my COMMISSION page.
MY WEBSITE • Each page of this edition shares art honoring SPRING INTO SUMMER. Find NEW paintings on my WHAT'S NEW page. NOTE • At September's end, the theme changes to • .
FEATURED ART ON THIS PAGE • My NEW "MORNING AT THE FRIENDS OF MANITO PLANT SALE" (below) pictures Manito Park's two Spring and Summer fundraisers.
THE FRIENDS OF MANITO • During these seasons, TFM (TheFriendsOfManito.org) volunteers grooming hundreds of plants for these two sales. With Federal funding cuts to parks and other historic settings in the United State, the money raised for Manito's maintenance is more important than ever! 2024's sales $70,000 earnings paid for repairs to the 1953 Davenport Fountain at Duncan Garden plus new Conservatory generators. My art in TFM booth at 2025's two sales raised over $1,200 for Manito Park.
Highlight • When I lost my Doug in 2023, working with these committed volunteers was not only helpful in healing, but also for building friendships. This Summer, I was also featured in the TFM'S newsletter "Pollinator." Find the article below and on my BIOGRAPHY page.
WE LIVED HAPPILY EVER AFTER . . .
"IT'S ALL GOOD!" • This handsome guy was my "prince" for 25 years. Although we fought his rare cancer for six of those, Doug finally lost his battle in 2023. Always smiling, "It's all good," he'd say without complaint, even in his last toughest months. He lived like he was 100%, blessing us all with memories. I can't wait to join him when it's my turn. I know he'll be waiting. At Spokane's Hospice House, 100+ friends and family came by to say good-bye. Doug was one of the GOOD ones . . .
"THE GREATEST GAME" • In August 2022 at Rogue Valley CC in Medford, OR, this gifted golfer and ASU team alum won 1st place in his division. Then we were off to Pebble Beach with lifelong pals Mo McFadden and Darrell Hunt where his last three scores of the game he loved were in the 70s. In 2024-2025, some of his ashes found their way to his five favorite courses ~ a last wish.
TOGETHER • When we began dating in 1997, he joined me at the artists' reception in Olympia for Lt. Gov. Brad Owen's "Children at Play in Washington" exhibit (see my BIOGRAPHY page). For 25 years he helped me set up art events, sharing his grin with everyone. He encouraged my art, and I, his passion for golf. Highlight • I began creating golf-themed Holiday cards that first year together. The last 25th painting in 2024, NEW "HEAVENLY HAPPY GOLFERS," pictured Doug, his dad Russ and best pal Ric Metzger in angel wings, making putts in heaven. Find it on the MORE PAINTINGS page with others from that group honoring the sport he loved. I miss him SO . . .
THREE COLLECTION PAGES • Two of these pages, PUGET SOUND and SPOKANE (INLAND NW), share Pacific NW settings. Included are cities, the Columbia River, Pacific Ocean's coastline and islands, rain forests, mountains, wheat fields, and valleys of grape vines serving Washington's wine industry. The third page, MORE PAINTINGS, shares scenes from other states like Alaska and Hawaii, plus the U.K., Europe, former U.S.S.R., and beyond.
WHAT YOU'LL FIND • The subjects and settings I've chosen to paint are diverse and include landmarks (both prestigious and fun), parks, schools, churches, "Home Sweet Homes," vacation destinations, pets, kiddos, friends Doug and I made over the years ~ and more.
PAGE-BY-PAGE OVERVIEW • Further down on this page, you'll find an overview of what's included on each page of this website. ENJOY!
MOST RECENT SEASONAL WORKS • 2024 & 2025
My WHAT'S NEW page features six NEW selected 2025 and 2024 images in addition to the one of the Manito Park Plant Sale below. It seems the more artwork I finish on my list, the more I'm inspired to add. I LOVE my home town Spokane in Washington State. It inspires me endlessly and is known by many as the biggest small town in the U.S.! Everyone seems to be related or connected somehow in this Inland NW metropolitan destination. "Two degrees of separation," we always say! Find more recent art on the WHAT'S NEW page in my FALL INTO WINTER edition at the end of Septebmber!
SIX SELECTED WORKS OF INLAND NW SETTINGS • THREE EACH FROM 2025 & 2024
Once again, you'll find past and present SPRING INTO SUMMER images peppered throughout my website, especially on these pages ~ PUGET SOUND, SPOKANE (INLAND NW) and MORE PAINTINGS.
SAT., AUG 23 MANITO PLANT SALE! • STOP BY TO SEE MY ART AT TFM BOOTH • 100% OF MY PROCEED BENEFITS THE FRIENDS OF MANITO!
50 YEARS OF AMERICANA EXHIBITS / EVENTS • Thank you for joining me at "Meet & Greets" like this and for making the past 50 years so rewarding. Highlight • As a thank you gift to volunteers for their kindness during rough moments these past two years, I gave TFM volunteers who wanted them cards of my NEW Plant Sale art featured throughout this site. I also donated a framed print for our TFM meeting room. What an honor it was when my art was chosen to promote the 2025 season in Manito's kiosks. So, even though there have been challenges without Doug, I'm happy to still have a presence.
2025 JUNE & AUGUST PLANT SALES • This Spring at TFM's Spring sale, I shared part of TFM boot, offring my Manito Park, Spokane & Inland NW art cards, plus some park prints and puzzles. I donated 100% of my $700+ proceeds toTFM. As mentioned above, funds earned at these sales really help the park! Last year's generous donations funded the repair of the Duncan Garden's 1953 fountain provided new Conservatory generators.
NOTE • SAME DATE CONFLICT + ROCKWOOD EVENT• As shown above, Arbor Crest conflicted with the Manito's August 23rd Plant Sale, but as my helper experience some heart issues, I'm doing Manito's smaller event as it doesn't require much assistance to set up.
COMING SOON! • ROCKWOOD SOUTH HILL • October 2025 to February 2026 • Visit this page in Autumn for all the details on my 60+ piece Americana exhibit. The event shares images of Spokane / Inland NW landmarks, parks, schools, "Home Sweet Homes," and more reflecting all four seasons. At Rockwood's Summit Tower • 25th Avenue & SE Boulevard. See my NEW art of Rockwood's entrance falls on my SPOKANE (INLAND NW) page.
FIVE VENUES IN SPOKANE AND THE INLAND NW
Not all venues offer the same items, but the featured theme is SPRING INTO SUMMER!
• ACE HARDWARE • 9th Ave. & South Monroe Str., The South Hill • With the largest selection of art items for nearly 15 years in Spokane, ACE offers 90 slots of cards that revolve with the seasons. Shoppers will also find 4-image jigsaw puzzles (themed images honoring each season), magnets, and later in the season, NEW 2026 calendars. Find details below and on the CALS • PUZZLES+ page of this website.
• UPS • 29th Ave. & SE Blvd., The South Hill • This UPS has a 24-image rack of my seasonal cards, 4-image jigsaw puzzles, and later, NEW 2026 calendars. After selling his shop on Regal Road near our home in 2021, the owner features a nice selection of cards and puzzles at his location near Lincoln Heights.
• CAROUSEL SHOP & ICE RIBBON • 507 N Howard Str., Riverfront Park, Downtown District • The Looff Carrousel (French spelling of the Merry-Go-Round) has delighted folks since Natatorium Park's early days (demolished in 1968) and now Riverfront Park. Find two card racks that revolve with the seasons, one just inside the Gift Shop entrance and another near the gondolas. There's also 4-image jigsaw puzzles including one of Riverfront Park with a scene of 2024's EXPO '74's special anniversary celebration.
• NORTHWEST MUSEUM OF ARTS AND CULTURE (THE MAC) • 2316 First Ave., Browne's Addition •Located In Spokane's very first residential neighborhood west of the Downtown District, The MAC (Northwest Museum of Arts and Culture) Gift Shop has offered my fine art cards and other merchandise to shoppers since 1997. 2025 marks 25+ years at this favorite historic Spokane venue that includes the immaculately restored Amasa Campbell House. Don't miss touring this vintage local jewel!
• THE CROSBY MUSEUM • 508 E Sharp, Gonzaga University, The North Side • In 2022, the museum created in Bing Crosby's family home on Gonzaga's campus, began carrying my "BING CROSBY CRAFTSMAN" art cards.
On my WHAT'S NEW page, in addition to the six NEW paintings listed above and below, I've shared an OVERVIEW pdf of ALL NEW art completed in 2024 through 2025 to date. More artwork, 4-image jigsaw puzzles (TBD), and 2 NEW 2026 calendars will be added to my FALL INTO WINTER collection soon. Questions? Please hone me at 206.406.1409.
VERY IMPORTANT PATRON (VIP) LIST, MY ART STUDIO, AND UPDATES TO OUR "NEW" HOME!
A COUPLE POSTCARDS ANNUALLY • I send a postcards to friends on my VIP list (Very Important Patrons), usually via text, email, and sometimes by U.S.P.S. Highlight • Look for the Rockwood South Hill Art Exhibit postcard soon!
Postcards announce "Meet & Greets" and new products. If you'd like to be added to the list, please contact me at 206.406.1409. Your privacy is very important to me and I absolutely never share any personal information. Find everything on my ORDERING page.
PITTYPAT STUDIO • Moving forward without Doug prompted me to move his golf memorabilia to our home' slower level where other sports trophies were displayed. Doug's space became PittyPat studio (left). Housing supplies and art books I need for creating, I design everything from my art myself (calendars, cards, puzzles, promo materials, this website and more). I'm here a lot!
COTTAGE & GROUNDS • In July 2020, friends helped Doug and me move into a multi-generational gated community on Spokane's Moran Prairie. Before he passed, we began upgrading our property's dated 1988 look • inside and out. I promised him I'd finish our list, and I'm nearly there after five years. His biggest job was removing a nasty Honey Locust tree that completely shaded our front yard, replacing it with an Ornamental Pear. Then we cleared out the overgrown gardens, and starting over with Doug's roses, hostas, my daisies, and wax begonias. I recently added a handsome hand rail to the front porch and in chrome ones in the garage plus extrioro lamps.
INTERIOR • We updated most of our interior. Oak cabinets, doors and woodwork were freshened to a crisp white, and peach walls painted caramel brown. New dark vinyl floors replaced dated linoleum ones to match our dark furniture. The kitchen received updated new appliances, sinks and hardware. Our contractors refinished formica counters with white marbled epoxy. Weboth loved the fresh new look of our home. I'm so grateful Doug got to see much of this happen!
THREE ORGANIZATIONS (AND MORE) . . . GIVING BACK WITH ART DIRECTION & DESIGN SUPPORT
KING COUNTY • Before returning to Spokane over a decade ago, I served on several boards, donating many design hours to King County's Eastside Heritage Center, Sammamish Art Council, the City of Redmond, its Historical Society, and other organizations.
(LEFT) SPOKANE PRESERVATION ADVOCATES (2016 to Present) • SPA'S quarterly newsletter has been a favorite volunteer project as it shares info on workshops, fundraisers, and more. The Summer issue promoted their quarterly social in the charming Knight bungalow on Spokane's South Hill. Working for nearly 10 years with Executive Coordinator Dave Shockley has been so rewarding! Visit SpokanePreservation.org to join. Click on the Summer "Update" (left) to read it.
MOORE-TURNER HERITAGE GARDENS (2017-2018) • Because of their heritage plantings and vintage structures, these gardens were very unique. Historian Linda Yeomans invited me to art direct projects and restore the group's graphic vision. Sadly, ambitious fundraisers (Mothers' Day Tea and Art in Bloom) required so much time, I had to resign when Doug received his cancer diagnosis.
CDA PARK AND BROWNE'S ADDITION NEIGHBORHOOD COUNCIL (2015 to Present) • Julie Biggerstaff and Mary Lou Sproul invited me to art direct CDA Park's 125th birthday fundraiser "Art in The Park," including donating my original "VINTAGE VIEW OF CDA PARK" for the raffle. Since then, I've desiged posters and program covers for the park's Summer concert series, plus other projects as I can. Visit my BIOGRAPHY page to learn more about all the local causes I support ~ and how.
FRIENDS OF MANITO (2024 to Present) • I joined others preparing hundreds of plants for TFM's two sales, last year's June one pictured below in my NEW painting. Highlight • This year, I donated $1,200 made from my art items I offered to shoppers at both the June and August Plant Sales.
NEW! TFM BOARD MEMBERS, VOLUNTEERS, AND SHOPPERS AND PETS FROM LAST YEAR'S SPRING PLANT SALE
SOUTH HILL COMMUNITY EVENT • Doug and I were contributing members to The Friends of Manito stewardship group for years. Our first home was a block west of Manito, so we picnicked at the Park Bench Cafe, enjoyed Friday night concerts, walked through the park's lilac, rose, and Versaille-style Duncan Garden • and much more.
VOLUNTEER? • It wasn't until my husband lost his 6-year battle with cancer that my sis Peggy Barton and Nancy Young at Spokane's Hospice House encouraged me to become an active participating volunteer at TFM.
THE YOUNGS • Nancy's husband Bob served as president of TFM board (2025 is his last year), and she thought working with the volunteers there might help me with my grieving process. How right she was! I began taking baby steps toward more balance in my life with this generous-hearted group.
THANK-YOU GIFTS • As shared above, new volunteer pals inspired this art as a thank-you for them. I included President Bob Young, wife Nancy, TFM board members Martha Meeks and others, our three "leads" Gabi Tilly (+ her two pups), Judy Palrud, Windi Reynolds, and volunteers in lime green aprons. Spokane Parks & Rec liked the arts so much, it went into Manito's kiosks to promote 2025 events.
Click on "My Decades-Long Love Affair with Manito Park" pdf to read my article in Summer TFM's "Pollinator" newsletter.
USING RED, WHITE & BLUE TO CELEBRATE OUR PATRIOTIC HOLIDAYS!
FUN PATIOTIC TOUCHES • Who doesn't love SPRING INTO SUMMER in the Inland NW?!?
OUR NECK OF THE WOODS • With snowbird neighbors back from Arizona and California, golf couses filled with players, boats sliding off trailers into the water at all the marinas, and hundreds of folks picnicking at nieghborhood parks all over the Inland NW, this is a VERY active time of year.
APRIL CORNELL • I've dressed our cottage, our back deck, gardens and grounds in brilliant patriotic colors. The dining room table centerpiece (left) is filled with flags, flowers and wicker stars sitting on April Cornell (AprilCornell.com) table linens and a quilt crafted by a creative pal.
APRIL'S "BIRDSONG" FIXTURES • I moonlighted at the April Cornell boutique near Seattle when she had a presence in the Pacific Northwest. Thanks to her generous discount, my linen closet is still full of her beautiful home linenes and home goods ~ and my closet, her lyrical tea dresses, embroidered cardigans and other pretty items impossible to resist.
In the 2000s, April's focus turned to building a stronger presence on the East Coast (Canada & U.S.). When she closed her shop, the manager offered me her "Birdsong" wrought-iron fixtures at a huge discount. Two of her tri-fold screens display 9 each of my 11x14-inch paintings, while calendars and puzzles sit on matching etageres. See the photo below by the overview of my ART VENUES page.
Highlight • ANOTHER SHOP I MISS • I often anchor both ends of my table with wrought iron dancing bear candle holders (see a glimpse left) bought 20+ years ago from Eddie Bauer's Home Store. My two sisters and I still miss its furniture, linens, and decor items of all types for all seasons ~ a shining period in EB's earlier history!
Click on the image (left) or "Home Sweet Home Patriotic Homes" pdf for more seasonal ideas!
INSPIRING "FOREVER YOUNG" SALLY MOM
SALLY MOM • For 98 years as long as Marilee, Peggy and I can remember, Sally Mom has been creating with her artistic eye, grace and style. She's always excelled at putting together artful surroundings. Our family looked forward to her fun changes for each season!
AMAZING DIY-ER • As toddlers, she sewed our playsets, and in teenage years, our dating outfits, prom dresses and Cotillion gowns (we girls still have ours). In the 1950s, she designed English cabbage rose slip-covers for our Dutch Colonial's living room • seamlessly echoing the print on the dining room wallpaper. After moving to a Valley Mid-Century Modern in1962 and later, a view condo she shared with dad, her decor became even more sleek and stylish.
100 YEARS OF FRIENDSHIP • For years, even after all the husbands had finally passed, she still enjoys strong friendships forged in 1947 with her bridge group. Geneva Maloney (94), Dolores Allers (pictured left at 102), and Sally Mom (98) are the last of the 12-couple group.
EVERYGREEN FOUNTAINS • In 2022, she moved further east to a lovely view apartment at Evergreen Fountains. Icy condo stairs in Winter plus COVID-caused isolation made this change the right choice. Her community is peppered with pals from church ~ plus it offers meals, social gatherings, exercise classes and more. She has two pea patches and flowering pots on her deck where lights twinkle brightly in December. Highlight • There was even a "dress up" Prom Night in June!
In addition to family visits, Sally loves spending time with Carmen Perkins, an earlier golfer pal before a hip finally said, "No more, Sally!" These days, it's Mass at Saint John's Vianney with breakie afterwards. Carmen's lives nearby and is always welcome at Sally Mom's!
WELCOME PAGE • YOU ARE HERE! This HOME page touches on my 50 years as an exhibiting artist, my background, and current projects. It also shares a little about what inspired me to create fine art in the Americana style these five decades. As I shared above, my collection numbers 500+ works, with over 250 celebrating the Inland NW and my home town of Spokane, Washington.
WHAT'S NEW PAGE • This page features six NEW SPRING INTO SUMMER works finished in 2024 and 2025. As shared above, look for more soon. You'll find histories and websites wherever they're available. On this page, I've also shared an "Overview" pdf of all the NEW 2025 and 2024 paintings. As I finish more work this year, much of it will be shared here.
SIX SELECTED WORKS OF INLAND NW SETTINGS • THREE EACH FROM 2025 & 2024
2025 CALENDAR JULY DATE PAGE • Please accept my sincere apologies. A small batch of my 2025 calendar re-prints were done from an incorrect file and released for sale last year. This affected the date page for JULY. I have complimentary "Fix Kits" with accurate JULY date pages available to correct the error • Tel 206.406.1409. Some of you already have received yours. OR • you can print a copy of correct dates from 2025 Calendar July Date Page pdf.
TWO NEW 2026 CALENDARS • MAGICAL MANITO PARK & COZY CHARMING COTTAGES
2025 HUGE MILESTONE • 50 YEARS EXHIBITING • 2025 marks the 50th Anniverary of my first Americana Fine Art ongoing exhibit in the mid-1970s at the Bellevue Art Gallery in Western Washington.
2ND MILESTONE • The second milestone was roughly 20 years later with the release my first calendar of featuring a dozen paintings I loved enough to share. My Seattle printer did 12 copies. These days I run many more, some years wwith up to four different editions. Over the years, I've created these for Roche Harbor, Snohomish, Port Townsend, Seattle and more. I've also done Campbell House editions requested several times by The Northwest Museum of Arts and Culture (The MAC).
3RD MILESTONE • This milestone was my idea of four-image jigsaw puzzles a few years ago (more below on this). This unique format has been a HUGE success!
ALL CALENDAR PAINTINGS • Visit my CALS • PUZZLES+ PAGE to see two seasonal covers (SPRING INTO SUMMER and FALL INTO WINTER) plus all 24 paintings.
4-IMAGE 504-PIECE 16X20-INCH JIGSAW PUZZLES
RECENT PRINTING • In 2024, I released some re-prints + two NEW puzzles. Riverfront Park SOLD OUT, with the Arbor Crest puzzle and others now in limited quantities. Highlight • In late 2025 or early 2026 as my schedule allows, I hope to offer 4 more NEW puzzles • a 3rd addition Manito Park , one of South Hill cottages, another with a North Side focus, and a 2nd Holiday edition. TBD . . .
FOUR PAINTINGS • Instead of one image, These puzzles share four. Most highlight the seasons •Winter, Spring, Summer, and Fall (clockwise), but there is also a special Holiday-only edition. Each puzzle features a theme and / or a Spokane neighborhood • i.e. Gonzaga U, Riverfront Park, K.K. Cutter architecture, "fun landmarks" like Frank's Diner, South Hill Churches, Schools, and more. The most recent two NEW ones added up to nine editions.
The 504-piece puzzles fit standard 16x20-inch frames. When you put your last piece in, it shows four images and the red title ribbon. NOTE • My logo and the word "PUZZLE" are NOT included. Highlight • Thanks to so many of you who have shared photos of your finished "masterpieces."
NOTE • Some of these will not go back into rotation at this time. Please call / text me with quesions about availability at 206.406.1409.
THEMES FOR MY TWO RECENT PUZZLES
MORE FOR PUZZLE LOVERS • As mentioned above, I'm hoping to add a few of these to make my collection an even dozen for puzzlers to enjoy ~ timing TBD . . .
THREE ARTWORK COLLECTIONS PAGES • With 500+ Americana fine art images, it's easy to create seasonal collections. Each collection page shares dozens of images (both new work and old favorites) chosen to reflect SPRING INTO SUMMER artwork. Many of these are NEW! NOTE • Each group of paintings on these pages opens with a pdf sharing ALL the images and histories (or setting stories) in that group.
COMMISSION PAGE • I have created portraits for clients, friends and family all over the U.S.A. and beyond. This page opens with unique "neighborhood" paintings with several homes shared included in each work. Portraitds include "Home Sweet Homes," gardens, boats, cars, folks of all ages, pets and more. Often, these images are included in calendars. This page includes details on everything you need to know about commissioning fine art.
ART VENUES PAGE • Including details about upcoming Inland NW "Meet & Greets"
FIVE RETAIL VENUES THAT CARRY MY WORK
COMING SOON IN OCTOBER THRU FEBRUARY! EXHIBIT AT THE ROCKWOOD SOUTH HILL • With nine large hallway panels potentially able to accommodate five works each, plus a wall in their arts and crafts studio for my large "neighborhood" paintings, I hope to hang as many as 60 pieces from late October 2025 through Mid-February 2026. The invitation to share so much of my work on my 50th Anniversary was an honor!
MY SCHEDULE GOING FORWARD • Beyond this huge event, I'm not sure what 2025 will bring. I chose not to return to the Hayden Lake CC Holiday show because of its 3-day commitment and lengthy, icy Winter drive to North Idaho. Also at this time, it looks like dates for Arbor Crest's Art & Glass Fest may directly conflict with Manito Park's August 23rd Plant Sale. I hope to do the Holiday Artbor Crests Holiday event and Manito CC's December Holiday Market, but without Doug and his Denali (tough to see over the dash, so sold), there are challenges to be solved for these "Meet & Greets.
ORDERING PAGE • This page shares details about originals, framed canvas reproductions, fine paper prints, print / card gift packets, art journals, calendars, jigsaw puzzles, cards and more. I accent most credit cards, and on occasion, personal checks. NOTE • I closed PittyPat gallery in 2020 so I could be more available for Doug as we dealt with his ongoing health challenges. My goal has been to shift my focus more to commission projects and less on in-person events. Questions? Please call 206.406.1409.
BIOGRAPHY PAGE • This is my “life story” page. It shares my background and events that helped me grow as an award-winning Americana fine artist • from my first grade report card (my inspiring teacher passed in 2023 at age 94) to the present. This page includes press clippings, magazine articles, art festivals I've helped develop, awards received, plus charitable causes I've supported over the years like Spokane Presevation's Advocate's Sparkle & Spent and Spokane Symphony's "Christmas Tree Elegance." NOTE • The Financial & Fine Art section on this page lists all the causes I support in greater detail.
BRIDAL PAGE • SPRING INTO SUMMER is such a special time for these gatherings. This page shares samples of works I've created as well as complete details on what I can offer clients for this happiest day of their lives.
CHOOSE FROM:
THREE RECENT WEDDING CEREMONIES THAT MEANT SO MUCH TO DOUG AND ME
QUESTIONS ABOUT THE FINE ART OR CONTENT ON THIS PAGE?
iPhone • 206.406.1409 (Talk, Text & Voicemail)
PittyPat Studio • "AMERICANA" FINE ART ~ QUESTIONS? Please call or text me.
On the Web • PattiSimpsonWard.com
Please Visit my Facebook Page • "PattiSimpsonWardArt."
